Anous

Anous
	Brunnoddy (A. stolidus)
	Nomenklatur
	Anous; Stephens, 1826
	Klassifikasjon
Rike	Dyreriket
Rekke	Ryggstrengdyr
Klasse	Fugler
Orden	Vade-, måse- og alkefugler
Familie	Måkefamilien
Underfamilie	Noddyer
	Økologi
Antall arter:	3
Habitat:	havet
Utbredelse:	verden rundt mellom vendekretsene
	Inndelt i
	brunnoddy; smånoddy; svartnoddy;

Anous er en slekt i underfamilien noddyer (Anoinae), som inngår i måkefamilien (Laridae), og består av tre arter. Fuglene forekommer i tropiske og subtropiske havområder verden rundt.

Inndeling

Inndelingen følger i hovedsak Taxonomy in Flux og er i henhold til Boyd (2016),^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18] som i all vesentlighet støttes av HBW Alive. Norske navn følger NOF der disse finnes.^[19] Norske navn i parentes er ikke offisielle.

Treliste

Charadriiformes, vade-, måse- og alkefugler
- Chionidi, slirenebbfugler, 3 familier, 4 slekter, 13 arter
- Charadrii, lofugler, 6 familier, 3 underfamilier, 20 slekter, 90 arter
- Scolopaci (også kalt Limicoli), snipefugler (også kalt vadefugler), 5 familier, 5 underfamilier, 29 slekter, 112 arter
- Turnici, springvaktelfugler, 1 familie, 2 slekter, 17 arter
- Lari, måkefugler, 5 familier, 5 underfamilier, 40 slekter, 155 arter
  - Dromadidae, krabbeeterfamilien, 1 slekt, 1 art
  - Glareolidae, brakksvalefamilien, 3 slekter, 17 arter
  - Stercorariidae, 1 slekt, 7 arter
  - Alcidae, alkefamilien, 11 slekter, 25 arter
  - Laridae, måkefamilien, 5 underfamilier, 25 slekter, 105 arter
    - Anoinae, noddyer
      - Anous
        A. stolidus, brunnoddy
        
        A. tenuirostris, smånoddy
        
        A. minutus, svartnoddy
      - Procelsterna
    - Gyginae, silketerner
    - Rynchopinae, saksenebber
    - Sterninae, terner
    - Larinae, måker

Referanser

^ John H. Boyd III (6. mars 2016). «Taxonomy in Flux. Version 3.03». Arkivert fra originalen 4. desember 2016. Besøkt 8. juni 2016.
^ Baker, A.J., S.L. Pereira, and T.A. Paton (2007), Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of Charadriiformes genera: multigene evidence for the Cretaceous origin of at least 14 clades of shorebirds, Biol. Lett. 3, 205-209.
^ Baker, A.J., Y. Yatsenko, and E.S. Tavares (2012), Eight Independent Nuclear Genes Support Monophyly of the Plovers: the Role of Mutational Variance in Gene Trees, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 65, 631-641.
^ Barth, J.M.I., M. Matschiner, and B.C. Robertson (2013), Phylogenetic Position and Subspecies Divergence of the Endangered New Zealand Dotterel (Charadrius obscurus), PLoS ONE 8, e78068.
^ Bridge, E.S., A.W. Jones, and A.J. Baker (2005), A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 35, 459-469.
^ Cibois, A., R.W.R.J. Dekker, E. Pasquet, and J.-C. Thibault (2012), New insights into the systematics of the enigmatic Polynesian sandpipers Aechmorhynchus parvirostris and Prosobonia leucoptera, Ibis 154, 756-767.
^ Crochet, P.-A., F. Bonhomme, and J.-D. LeBreton (2002), Systematics of large white-headed gulls: Patterns of mitochondrial DNA variation in western European taxa, Auk 119, 603-620.
^ Dos Remedios, N., C. Küpper, P.L.M. Lee, T. Burke, and T. Székely (2015), North or South? Phylogenetic and biogeographic origins of a globally distributed avian clade, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 89, 151-159.
^ Ericson, P.G.P., I. Envall, M. Irestadt, and J.A. Norman (2003a), Inter-familial relationships of the shorebirds (Aves: Charadriiformes) based on nuclear DNA sequence data, BMC Evol. Biol. 3:16.
^ Fain, M.G., and P. Houde (2007), Multilocus perspectives on the monophyly and phylogeny of the order Charadriiformes, BMC Evol. Biol. 7:35.
^ Gibson, R. (2010), “Phylogenetic Relationships among the Scolopaci (Aves: Charadriiformes): Implications for the Study of Behavioural Evolution”, M.Sc. thesis, University of Toronto.
^ Jackson, D.G., S.D. Emslie, and M. van Tuinen (2012), Genome skimming identifies polymorphism in tern populations and species, BMC Research Notes 5:94.
^ Livezey, B.C. (2010), Phylogenetics of modern shorebirds (Charadriiformes) based on phenotypic evidence: analysis and discussion, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 160, 567-618.
^ Pereira, S.L. and A.J. Baker (2008), DNA evidence for a Paleocene origin of the Alcidae (Aves: Charadriiformes) in the Pacific and multiple dispersals across northern oceans, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46, 430-445.
^ Pereira, S.L. and A.J. Baker (2010), The enigmatic monotypic crab plover Dromas ardeola is closely related to pratincoles and coursers (Aves, Charadriiformes, Glareolidae), Genet. Mol. Biol. 33, 583-586.
^ Pons, J.-M., A. Hassanin, and P.-A. Crochet (2005), Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 37, 686-699.
^ Sternkopf, V. (2011), “Molekulargenetische Untersuchung in der Gruppe der Möwen (Laridae) zur Erforschung der Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen und phylogeographischer Differenzierung”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald.
^ Whittingham, L., T.M. Frederick, F.H. Sheldon, and S.T. Emlen (2000), Molecular phylogeny of Jacanas and its implications for morphologic and biogeographic evolution, Auk 117, 22-32.
^ Syvertsen, P. O., Ree, V., Hansen, O. B., Syvertsen, Ø., Bergan, M., Kvam, H., Viker, M. & Axelsen, T. (2008-05-22). Norske navn på verdens fugler. Norsk navnekomité for fugl (NNKF), 1990-2008. Norsk Ornitologisk Forening

Litteratur

Josep del Hoyo, Andrew Elliott, Jordi Sargatal, red. (1996). Handbook of the Birds of the World (på Engelsk). Volume 3, Hoatzin to Auks. Barcelona, Spania: Lynx Edicions. s. 821. ISBN 978-84-87334-20-7. HBW0003. [redaktør for Laridae (måkefugler) J. Burger & M. Gochfeld]
Josep del Hoyo, Nigel J. Collar (David A. Christie, Andrew Elliott, Lincoln D. C. Fishpool), red. (juli 2014). HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World (på Engelsk). Volume 1, Non-passerines. Barcelona, Spania: Lynx Edicions in association with BirdLife International. s. 904. ISBN 978-84-96553-94-1. ILCHK01.
David W. Winkler, Shawn M. Billerman, Irby J. Lovette, red. (desember 2015). Bird Families of the World (på Engelsk) (A Guide to the Spectacular Diversity of Birds utg.). Barcelona, Spania: Lynx Edicions and Cornell Lab of Ornithology. s. 600. ISBN 978-84-941892-0-3. MON0033.

Eksterne lenker

(en) Anous – oversikt og omtale av artene i WORMS-databasen
(en) Anous i Global Biodiversity Information Facility
(no) Anous hos Artsdatabanken
(en) Anous hos Fauna Europaea
(en) Anous hos Fossilworks
(en) Anous hos ITIS
(en) Anous hos NCBI
(en) Kategori:Anous – bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons
(en) Anous – galleri av bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons
Anous – detaljert informasjon på Wikispecies

[Boyd2016V303-1] John H. Boyd III (6. mars 2016). «Taxonomy in Flux. Version 3.03». Arkivert fra originalen 4. desember 2016. Besøkt 8. juni 2016.

[Baker2007-2] Baker, A.J., S.L. Pereira, and T.A. Paton (2007), Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times of Charadriiformes genera: multigene evidence for the Cretaceous origin of at least 14 clades of shorebirds, Biol. Lett. 3, 205-209.

[Baker2012-3] Baker, A.J., Y. Yatsenko, and E.S. Tavares (2012), Eight Independent Nuclear Genes Support Monophyly of the Plovers: the Role of Mutational Variance in Gene Trees, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 65, 631-641.

[Barth2013-4] Barth, J.M.I., M. Matschiner, and B.C. Robertson (2013), Phylogenetic Position and Subspecies Divergence of the Endangered New Zealand Dotterel (Charadrius obscurus), PLoS ONE 8, e78068.

[Bridge2005-5] Bridge, E.S., A.W. Jones, and A.J. Baker (2005), A phylogenetic framework for the terns (Sternini) inferred from mtDNA sequences: implications for taxonomy and plumage evolution, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 35, 459-469.

[Cibois2012-6] Cibois, A., R.W.R.J. Dekker, E. Pasquet, and J.-C. Thibault (2012), New insights into the systematics of the enigmatic Polynesian sandpipers Aechmorhynchus parvirostris and Prosobonia leucoptera, Ibis 154, 756-767.

[Crochet2002-7] Crochet, P.-A., F. Bonhomme, and J.-D. LeBreton (2002), Systematics of large white-headed gulls: Patterns of mitochondrial DNA variation in western European taxa, Auk 119, 603-620.

[DosRemedios205-8] Dos Remedios, N., C. Küpper, P.L.M. Lee, T. Burke, and T. Székely (2015), North or South? Phylogenetic and biogeographic origins of a globally distributed avian clade, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 89, 151-159.

[Ericson2003a-9] Ericson, P.G.P., I. Envall, M. Irestadt, and J.A. Norman (2003a), Inter-familial relationships of the shorebirds (Aves: Charadriiformes) based on nuclear DNA sequence data, BMC Evol. Biol. 3:16.

[Fain2007-10] Fain, M.G., and P. Houde (2007), Multilocus perspectives on the monophyly and phylogeny of the order Charadriiformes, BMC Evol. Biol. 7:35.

[Gibson2010-11] Gibson, R. (2010), “Phylogenetic Relationships among the Scolopaci (Aves: Charadriiformes): Implications for the Study of Behavioural Evolution”, M.Sc. thesis, University of Toronto.

[Jackson2012-12] Jackson, D.G., S.D. Emslie, and M. van Tuinen (2012), Genome skimming identifies polymorphism in tern populations and species, BMC Research Notes 5:94.

[Livezey2010-13] Livezey, B.C. (2010), Phylogenetics of modern shorebirds (Charadriiformes) based on phenotypic evidence: analysis and discussion, Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 160, 567-618.

[Pereira2008-14] Pereira, S.L. and A.J. Baker (2008), DNA evidence for a Paleocene origin of the Alcidae (Aves: Charadriiformes) in the Pacific and multiple dispersals across northern oceans, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 46, 430-445.

[Pereira2010-15] Pereira, S.L. and A.J. Baker (2010), The enigmatic monotypic crab plover Dromas ardeola is closely related to pratincoles and coursers (Aves, Charadriiformes, Glareolidae), Genet. Mol. Biol. 33, 583-586.

[Pons2005-16] Pons, J.-M., A. Hassanin, and P.-A. Crochet (2005), Phylogenetic relationships within the Laridae (Charadriiformes: Aves) inferred from mitochondrial markers, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 37, 686-699.

[Sternkopf2011-17] Sternkopf, V. (2011), “Molekulargenetische Untersuchung in der Gruppe der Möwen (Laridae) zur Erforschung der Verwandtschaftsbeziehungen und phylogeographischer Differenzierung”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald.

[Whittingham,2000-18] Whittingham, L., T.M. Frederick, F.H. Sheldon, and S.T. Emlen (2000), Molecular phylogeny of Jacanas and its implications for morphologic and biogeographic evolution, Auk 117, 22-32.

[Syvertsen&al2008-19] Syvertsen, P. O., Ree, V., Hansen, O. B., Syvertsen, Ø., Bergan, M., Kvam, H., Viker, M. & Axelsen, T. (2008-05-22). Norske navn på verdens fugler. Norsk navnekomité for fugl (NNKF), 1990-2008. Norsk Ornitologisk Forening

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